CHIANG KAI-SHEK


Chinese Military and Political Leader Chiang Kai-Shek replaced Communists in Kuomintang (Guomindang) on 22 May 1926. 

Chiang Kai-shek played a central role in 20th-century Chinese history. He led the Republic of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War. Chiang began his career in the military, receiving training in Japan. He joined Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary movement and rose through the ranks of the Kuomintang Party, founded by Sun Yat-sen in 1912. In 1926, Chiang led the Northern Expedition, a military campaign that aimed to unify China under Kuomintang rule. In 1927, Chiang married Soong Mei-ling, forming a powerful political partnership. Their relationship with the Chinese Communist Party deteriorated, leading to a long-standing conflict. During the Xi'an Incident of 1936, Chiang was kidnapped and forced to form a united front with the Communists against Japanese invasion. Chiang led China through the Second Sino-Japanese War from 1937 to 1945. He employed defensive strategies and retreated to Chongqing to continue resistance against Japanese forces. After World War II, civil war resumed between the Nationalists and Communists.

In 1949, Chiang's forces were defeated by Mao Zedong's Communist army. Chiang retreated to Taiwan with his Government and military, maintaining the claim to be the legitimate Government of the entire China. He ruled Taiwan as an authoritarian leader until his death on 5 April 1975 aged 87 years due to renal failure. Chiang was born on 31 October 1887 in Xikou, Zhejiang, China.


 

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